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BTEC Applied Science – Unit 2, Learning Aim C Paper chromatography Chromatography is one of the most important analytical techniques in science. In Unit 2, Learning Aim C, you’ll explore how chromatographic methods such as paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) can separate and identify substances in a mixture. These techniques are widely used in forensic science, food testing, and pharmaceutical analysis — so understanding how they work is essential for you

When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become charged particles called ions. The energy needed to remove those electrons is known as ionisation energy — a key idea in atomic structure and periodicity. Definition Ionisation energy is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous positive ions. For example: First ionisation energy for aluminium This process requires energy because the electron is attracted to the

Aluminium airplane Aluminium is one of the most widely used metals in the world. It is strong, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant, which makes it useful for aircraft, drink cans, window frames and electrical cables. But extracting aluminium from its ore is not simple — because aluminium is too reactive to be extracted by reduction with carbon. Instead, we use electrolysis. The process used to extract aluminium is called the Hall–Héroult process, and it involves the electrol

What are Stationary Waves? Stationary waves are formed when two identical waves travel in opposite directions and interfere with each other. This often occurs when a wave is reflected back on itself, such as on a string fixed at both ends. The waves superpose (combine) — in some places, they reinforce each other ( constructive interference ), while in others, they cancel out ( destructive interference ). The result is a wave pattern that appears to stand still: nodes and an

When light, sound, or any type of wave encounters an obstacle or a gap, it doesn’t always just stop or bounce back. Instead, the wave can bend around the edges  or spread out after passing through an opening . This phenomenon is called diffraction . Light being diffracted in glasses lenses What is Diffraction? Diffraction happens when waves encounter: An edge  (e.g. water waves bending around a harbour wall) A slit or gap  (e.g. light passing through a narrow slit and spreadi

Finding the right support in science can make all the difference. Whether you're tackling GCSE, A-Level, or BTEC Applied Science, having a tutor who understands your needs and keeps you safe online is essential. I want to share some warm, practical advice to help you feel confident and secure while learning science online. Together, we’ll explore how to make the most of your tutoring experience with safety and effectiveness at the heart. Why Choose Online Science Tutoring? On

In Unit 7, one of the exam questions typically asks you to “discuss the implications of the scientific issue identified in the articles” (12 marks). Sports person with prosthetic limb That means you need to go beyond mere description. You are expected to: Identify the scientific issue(s) raised by the article Explain the science behind them (processes, mechanisms, constraints) Discuss the implications — how this scientific issue affects society, environment, economy, policy,

In BTEC Applied Science Unit 2, Learning Aim B, you’ll explore thermal physics — including how substances change state and how energy is...

Science can sometimes feel like a tough subject to master. The concepts might seem complex, and the exams can be intimidating. But I want...

A new academic year brings a fresh start — and with it, new challenges. Whether your child is beginning BTEC Applied Science or A-Level Science, the way they approach the first few weeks can make all the difference. Here’s how to set them up for success from the start. Get Organised Early Science courses come with multiple units, assignments, and deadlines. Encourage your child to: Use a planner or digital calendar Break down tasks into smaller chunks Stay on top of assignmen

For many families, GCSE Results Day is a mixture of excitement and nerves. When the envelope is opened, not every student sees the grades...

Need help understanding your results? Don't stress. Click here for some useful information. https://qualifications.pearson.com/content/d...

When families start looking at post-16 options, the choice between A Levels  and vocational qualifications  can feel confusing. For many...

BTEC  stands for Business and Technology Education Council , an awarding body for vocational education in England, Wales, and Northern...